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As climate dynamics continue to change, so will sea levels, driven by the expansion of warming ocean waters and the melting of glaciers and polar ice sheets. The ocean plays a crucial role in regulating global temperatures, absorbing more than 90% of the excess heat caused by greenhouse gas emissions. However, due to the ocean’s immense thermal inertia, this warming - and the resulting sea level rise - will continue for centuries, even if emissions are halted. The delayed response of ice sheets and ocean expansion means that sea levels are already committed to rising further. Unlike historical sea level changes, which reflect past conditions based on tide gauge and altimetry data, projections rely on climate models that simulate various scenarios of greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, and ice sheet dynamics. Regional variations add complexities of sea level change, and local factors such as vertical land movement, ocean currents, and regional weather patterns influence the rate and magnitude of change. 

This page explores the anticipated future changes in sea levels as well and the contributing processes. Data can be explored by Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ).​ Where appropriate, statistics for selected areas of focus can be compared to global means. Projected sea level data is from the 2021 IPCC 6th Assessment Report. All projections are relative to 2005 (1995-2015).

CCKP is grateful for the support and expertise of NASA's Sea Level Change Team (N-SLCT). All data presented has been provided by N-SLCT. For additional details about the science behind sea level change, users are encouraged to visit: https://earth.gov/sealevel