Finland is situated at a latitude between 60 and 70°N, with a quarter of the country extending north of the Arctic Circle. With a total area of 338,400 km², it is Europe’s seventh largest country. Finland has an open economy with prominent service and manufacturing sectors, which include electrical and electronics, forest and metal and engineering industries. Foreign trade is important, with exports accounting for approximately 40% of GDP. The population of Finland was estimated at 5.5 million in 2015, with 3.8 million or 69.2% living in urban areas. In recent years, Finland’s urban population has grown due to net migration and municipal mergers, as some rural municipalities have been joined to urban municipalities. Nearly all of Finland is situated in the boreal coniferous forest zone, and 72% of the total land area is classified as forest land, while only some 9% is farmed. Finland has more than 34,300 km² of inland water systems, which represents approximately 10% of its total area. There are some 190,000 lakes and 180,000 islands. The climate of Finland displays features of both maritime and continental climates, depending on the direction of air flow. Risk and vulnerability assessments carried out in national research projects and programmes have estimated the water sector to be the most affected by climate change impacts (Seventh National Communication, 2017). Finland submitted its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) as an EU Member State in 2015.