Country

Finland

Explore historical and projected climate data, climate data by sector, impacts, key vulnerabilities and what adaptation measures are being taken. Explore the overview for a general context of how climate change is affecting Finland.

Country Context

Finland is situated at a latitude between 60 and 70°N, with a quarter of the country extending north of the Arctic Circle. With a total area of 338,400 km2, it is Europe’s seventh largest country. Finland has an open economy with prominent service and manufacturing sectors, which include electrical and electronics, forest and metal and engineering industries. Foreign trade is important, with exports accounting for approximately 40% of GDP. The population of Finland was estimated at 5.5 million in 2015, with 3.8 million or 69.2% living in urban areas. In recent years, Finland’s urban population has grown due to net migration and municipal mergers, as some rural municipalities have been joined to urban municipalities. Nearly all of Finland is situated in the boreal coniferous forest zone, and 72% of the total land area is classified as forest land, while only some 9% is farmed. Finland has more than 34,300 km2 of inland water systems, which represents approximately 10% of its total area. There are some 190,000 lakes and 180,000 islands. The climate of Finland displays features of both maritime and continental climates, depending on the direction of air flow. Risk and vulnerability assessments carried out in national research projects and programmes have estimated the water sector to be the most affected by climate change impacts (Seventh National Communication, 2017). Finland submitted its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) as an EU Member State in 2015.

Country level data at a glance

Climate Data

Explore further
Historical Trends

The section provides access to historical climate datasets for both temperature and precipitation from 1900 to 2016.

Explore further
Projected Trends

The section provides access to future climate datasets for both temperature and precipitation and their statistical derivatives for various timeframes and emission scenarios from 2020 to 2099.

Explore further

The section provides access to future climate datasets for both temperature and precipitation and their statistical derivatives for various timeframes and emission scenarios from 2020 to 2099.

Explore further

Climate by Sector

This section contains information from multiple climate indicators and indices relevant for key economic sectors. Simple narratives can help you interpret and extract summaries of potential climate change impacts at the sector level.

Explore further

Vulnerability

This section allows you to explore the susceptibility of livelihoods and natural systems to impacts from climate variability and change and facilitate the exploration of socioeconomic and development data and its relationships with natural hazards vulnerable areas.

Explore further

Impacts

This section allows you to explore the climate information from multiple climate indicators and present them with simple, embedded interpretation for an informative, high-level summary of the potential for future climate change impacts on key socioeconomic sectors.

Explore further

Adaptation

This section helps you grasp key national adaptation policies and reports, explore options for key sectors, and understand current adaptation gaps and needs for enhanced climate smart planning.

Explore further