Climatology
This page presents Türkiye's climate context for the current climatology, 1991-2020, derived from observed, historical data. Information should be used to build a strong understanding of current climate conditions in order to appreciate future climate scenarios and projected change. You can visualize data for the current climatology through spatial variation, the seasonal cycle, or as a time series. Analysis is available for both annual and seasonal data. Data presentation defaults to national-scale aggregation, however sub-national data aggregations can be accessed by clicking within a country, on a sub-national unit. Other historical climatologies can be selected from the Time Period dropdown list.
Observed, historical data is produced by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) of University of East Anglia. Data is presented at a 0.5º x 0.5º (50km x 50km) resolution.
Türkiye is situated between the subtropical zone and temperate zone. The climate zones observed in Türkiye are the Mediterranean Climate where summers are hot and dry and the winters are mild and rainy; the Black Sea Climate where summers are cool and winters are warm in the coastal area and snowy and cold at the higher parts; the Terrestrial Climate where temperature differences between summer and winter and day and night are large, and the Marmara Climate showing the characteristics of a climate transition between the Terrestrial, Black Sea and Mediterranean climates. Türkiye receives most of its rainfall in winter and spring. In summer, the amount of precipitation decreases while the temperature and evaporation increases. Annual long-term mean precipitation is 574 mm. Meanwhile, the number of meteorological extreme events has increased particularly since 2000 (1981 – 2017).